L’inconscio e la différance, l’inconscio è la différance. Jacques Derrida a zig-zag tra fenomenologia e psicoanalisi

Abstract

In this paper, I will show how Derrida, through a critical dialogue between phenomenology and psychoanalysis, seeks to undermine the traditional – i.e. metaphysical – conception of the sovereignty of consciousness by means of its deconstruction. Firstly, I will present the workings of deconstruction as a double gesture of reversal and displacement of metaphysical oppositions. Secondly, I will examine Husserl’s conception of the unconscious, highlighting two fundamental senses that are central to Derrida’s critique. Finally, drawing on Freudian insights, I will propose a Derridean reading of the notion of the unconscious as a structure of deferral. Reinterpreted in this way, the unconscious is not simply the Other of consciousness, but rather the différance that makes its appearance possible, exceeding any binary opposition.